武汉市城乡≥65岁老年人群超重、肥胖和中心性肥胖流行情况

The prevalence of overweight, obesity and central obesity in elderly residents(≥ 65 years old)of urban and rural areas in Wuhan

目的了解武汉市城乡65岁及以上老年人超重、肥胖及中心性肥胖的流行情况,为促进老年人身体健康提供依据。方法收集参加武汉市2012年免费健康体检的365 070名≥65岁老年人的体检资料,通过身高、体重和腰围的测量,对其超重、肥胖及中心性肥胖现状进行描述性分析。用SAS 9.13软件进行统计学分析,两组计量资料的比较用t检验,计数资料的比较用χ2检验,率的趋势比较采用Cochran-Armitage趋势检验,用2010年全国第6次人口普查数据对率进行标化。结果本调查人群超重、肥胖和中心性肥胖检出率分别为29.39%、8.47%和52.50%,标化检出率分别为28.77%、8.15%和51.58%。随年龄增长,不论男女,中心城区还是远城区,老年人超重、肥胖和中心性肥胖检出率均呈下降趋势(P<0.01)。女性超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖检出率(分别为29.72%、10.01%和59.91%)均高于男性(分别为29.00%、6.69%和43.35%);中心城区居民超重、肥胖和中心性肥胖率(分别为33.86%、10.14%和60.37%)均高于远城区(分别为25.07%、6.86%和44.33%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论武汉市≥65岁老年人群的超重、肥胖以及中心性肥胖已成为重要的公共卫生问题,需要加强老年人尤其是城市和女性老年人口的健康管理。

Objective To understand the prevalence of overweight, obesity and central obesity in elderly residents （ ≥ 65 years old） of Wuhan city, and to provide the basis for the health of elderly residenes. Methods The physical examination data of 365 070 urban and rural residents （ ≥ 65 years old） of Wuhan city in 2012 were collected, including the data of height, weight and waist circumference for descriptive analysis of the prevalence of overweight, obesity and central obesity. The t test, X^2 and Cochran-Armitage test were used to analyze the data with SAS 9.13 software, the data of population census in 2010 were used for standardization. Results The crude rates of overweight, obesity and central obesity were 29.39%, 8.47% and 52.50%, respectively. The age-adjusted standardized rates were 28.77%, 8.15% and 51.58%, respectively. The overweight, obesity and central obesity rates decreased with age whether in different gender or in different areas （P〈0.01）. The crude rates of overweight, obesity and central obesity in females were 29.72%, 10.01% and 59.91%, which were significantly higher than those （29.00%, 6.69% and 43.35% ） in males; the crude rates of overweight, obesity and central obesity in central urban area were 33.86%, 10.14% and 60.37%, which were significantly higher than those （25.07%, 6.86% and 44.33% ） in rural area （P〈0.01）. Conclusion The overweight, obesity and central obesity of elderly residents （ ≥ 65 years old） of Wuhan city become an important public health issue. The health management of urban and female elderly should be improved.