我国特大城市外来人口调控政策的发展

The Development of Population Control Policies in China Metropolis

北京市自20世纪50年代起出台了一系列旨在限制人口过快增长的人口调控政策,并从90年代中期以来,以外来人口作为人口调控措施的主要管控对象。对北京市不同时期的人口调控政策进行系统地梳理,认为人口调控政策可以分为严格控制期、调整控制期、多策并举期和管理与服务并行期四个阶段。且在不同时期的调控目标、手段等依据国家政策变动、城市功能定位、社会经济发展和人口增长特点而转变。从人口调控政策变迁的历程来看,北京市的人口调控逐步从早期的行政性限制措施转变为人口服务与管理并举的服务性思路,调控手段与区域协调发展的措施一致,且日益多元化。

Beijing has released a series of population control policies which aimed at limiting population growth since 1950 s. What＇s more, since the mid-1990 s, the immigrants have been the main object of the population control measures. Through the assorting of population control policies, the author finds it can be divided into four periods： strict controlling period, adjusting and controlling period, multiple policy period, and period of management and service in parallel. The goals and measures of these policies have been changing with the transition of national policies, city function orientation, the development of society and economy and the character of population growth. From the transition of population control policies, it is found that the government pays more attention to services, balanced regional development and diversification in controlling.