农村家庭伦理价值与代际关系的权变——基于苏北渔村四代同堂家庭的个案调查

The Contingency of Value Ethic and Intergenerational Relationship in Rural Family:Based on Case Investigation of Four-Generation-Family in Yu-Village of North Jiangsu

家庭作为社会的基本单位,在城市化浪潮和市场化竞争中有其自身的适应逻辑。农村四代同堂家庭虽具传统大家庭同居共食之形,但其价值伦理已经发生权变。即家庭内部以核心小家庭为中心,通过分财独立和空间区隔保持代际成员之间的自主性;代际之间以子代核心小家庭为重心进行资源倾斜,形成亲子关系倒置的理性化关系格局。面对城市化压力和市场化竞争,农村四代同堂家庭在既相互独立又相互依赖的代际分工中形成情利一体的伦理共同体,究其本质是以核心小家庭辐射大家庭的代际关系实践,体现了农村家庭积极理性化的权变策略。

As an elementary unit, family holds its own adaptable strategy to response the wave of urbanization and marketable competition. In the village, Four-generations-family maintains the traditional families＇ feature, such as living together and eating together, but its value ethic has been changed. It centers on the unclear family, which keeps the autonomy with independent property and room. In the family, resource allocation is always concentrated on the filial nuclear family, that shapes a rational and invertible parent-child relationship. Faced with the urbanized pressure and marketable competition, four-generations-family forms an ethic community combining affection and interest by an intergenerational division. In the mutual independence and assistance, generations focus on nuclear family and embraces extended family, that shows a positive rational contingency.