花生晚斑病及主要产量性状表型遗传变异分析

Phenotypic Analysis of Genetic Variation of Late Leaf Spot and Main Character of Yield in Peanut

用重组自交系XA-RIL（中花5号×ICGV86699）群体试验资料，分析了花生晚斑病及主要产量性状的遗传变异规律。遗传学分析结果表明，花生晚斑病受两对主效基因控制，感病呈显性，抗病呈隐性，两对基因的表型效应有差异。方差分析表明，家系间晚斑病变异最大、且遗传率高达85．6％，其次是出仁率的变异和遗传率。相关分析和自由组合χ^2检验结果，晚斑病级与出仁率、百仁重、百果重的遗传相关系数极显著且较大,χ^2极显著，显示抗病性与荚果性状的不良表型连锁。性状组合频率分析结果，优良性状组合频率很低，抗病高产品种选育难度很大。

The laws of genetic variation of late leaf spot （LLS） and main characters of yield were an＇,dyzed in peanut with the data of a recom- bined inbred lines population （XA-RIL）. The results showed that LLS was controlled by two pairs of main genes; The susceptible genes were dominant, the resistant genes were recessive and there were differences in phenotypic effect of the genes. The results of analysis of variance showed that variation coefficient of LLS was the largest and the heritability of LLS was as high as 85.6 % , and the variation coefficient and heritability of shelling percentage was the second. The correlation analysis and χ^2 test of the law of independent assortment showed that the genetic correlations between the index of susceptive LLS and shelling percentage, 100-seed weight, 100-pod weight was very significant and larger, and the resistant genes to LLS was linked with poor phenotype of traits of peanut pod. Analysis of traits combined frequency showed that the good traits combined frequency was very low and resistance to LLS and high yield breeding was very difficult.