不同温度和光强对高山杜鹃催花期内源激素的影响

Effects of Different Temperatures and Light Intensities on Endogenous Hormone in Rhododendron hybrids Forcing

以高山杜鹃(Rhododendron hybrides‘Germania')为试材,用不同昼夜温度和光照强度对植株进行催花处理,观察其始花期,测定花芽内赤霉素(GA_3)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)和玉米素(ZT)的含量。结果表明:随着温度和光强的增加,高山杜鹃花芽内的3种内源激素总体上升。随着催花时间的延长,30℃/24℃、10 000 lx/8000 lx和30℃/24℃、7500 lx/5500 lx处理组先上升后下降,其他各组呈上升趋势。温度和光强对高山杜鹃始花期有明显的提前作用,且温度和光强越高,提前的时间越早,30℃/24℃、10 000 lx/8000 lx处理组最早进入始花期,比目标日期(春节)提前18 d开花。可见,适当高温和高光强(22℃/16℃~30℃/24℃,7500 lx/5500 lx^10 000 lx/8000 lx)处理能显著提高高山杜鹃花芽内赤霉素(GA_3)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)和玉米素(ZT)的含量,促进其花芽分化,有效缩短了催花时间,使植株提前进入始花期,从而达到提前上市的目的。

Taking Rhododendron hybrids as materials, different light temperatures and light intensities were treated, the content of GA3 ,IAA and ZT in flower bud were investigated, and the begging of flowering were observed. The results showed that three endogenous hormones content increased foUowing rising temperatures and light intensities. With the increase of forcing time ,30/24 ℃, 10 000/8000 lx ,30/24℃ and 7500/5500 lx were increased, and then decreased, the other groups showed a rising trend. The temperature and light intensity had a significant effect on the initial flowering stage of Rhododendron hybrids, and the higher the temperature and the intensity, the earlier the earlier time, the initial time of flowering of the treatment（30 ℃/24℃ ,10 000/8000 lx） was the earliest,18 days earlier than target date（ Spring Festival）. All the those explained appropriate higher temperatures and light intensities（22℃/16℃ -30℃/24℃ ,7500 lx/5500 lx - 10 000 lx/8000 lx） significantly enhanced the content of GA3 , IAA and ZT in Rhododendron hybrids flower bud, promoted buds development and blossom,made the plant advance into the beginning period, in order to bring produce to market in advance.