从诗学实践看王渔洋诗学理念的转变

Transformation of WANG Yuyang's Ideas of Poetics Based on Poetics Practice

[摘键要]王渔洋诗学理念复杂而富于变化,经历过四个阶段的重要转变,对其详实考究才能真正理解王渔洋诗学理念的发展与"神韵说"的确立。诗学理念的转变是王渔洋诗学研究的本源问题,结合王渔洋的仕宦经历及具体丰富的诗学实践可知,其早年的诗学理念并非"神韵说",而是经历了由"博综该洽,兼采众长"转变为"重唐音,韵胜于才",继而转变为"越三唐而事两宋,唐宋兼取",直至康熙二十六年之后"神韵"理论才真正确立并走向成熟。

Being complex and changeable, WANG Yuyang＇s ideas of poetics went through four important transformations. A detailed study of it is required to fully understand the progress of WANG Yuyang＇s ideas of poetics and to establish his ＂theory of poetic charm＂. WANG Yuyang＇s transformations in his ideas of poetics are the basic problem in our study of his ideas. It is argued that his ideas of poetics at earlier age can＇t be viewed as ＂theory of poetic charm＂ considering his experience of working as a government official and his active, rich study on poetics. In fact his ＂theory of poetic charm＂ went through the transformations from ＂being abundant, absorbing others＇ essences＂ to ＂stressing rhyme in Tang Dynasty, and giving priority to literary talent in his poems＂, and then to ＂surpassing three Tang to two Song Dynasties; and absorbing essences from both Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty＂. The ＂theory of poetic charm＂ was not established or turned to be mature until the 26th year of Kangxi.