游仙题材之汉乐府论略

An Analysis of Poetry about Immortals in Han Yue Fu

游仙题材的汉乐府在不同时期、不同阶层呈现出不同的特点。汉初至武帝时以贵族乐府为主,其游仙题材的表现主要同祭祀相联系,语言古奥典雅,是武帝大一统的君权与渴望升仙的愿望的集中表现。游仙题材的民间乐府绵延两汉,通过对"列仙之趣"的描述表达普通民众的一种超越生死、丰衣足食的理想生活状态。而文人乐府游仙诗重在寄寓,往往借游仙以抒怀,成为表达对现实的不满,寻求济世理想破灭后的心灵慰藉的方式。

Poetry about immortals in Han Yue Fu presents different characteristics in different periods among different social classes. From the establishment of Han dynasty to Emperor Wu Period,aristocrat poetry,whose theme is connected with fete,takes the dominant role. It reflects the emperor Wu＇s desire for unification and immortalization. Folk poetry is prevalent during the whole Han dynasty. By depicting the immortal world,it expresses ordinary people＇s wish to lave a luxuriously life before and after death. By contrast,the intellectual poetry conveys the disillusion and depression against reality,providing a way for them to search comfort in the immortal world.