克罗齐与杜威的主要美学观比较

A Comparison Between Croce's and Dewey's Aesthetic Thinking

同样都是对20世纪西方美学影响深远的思想家,克罗齐与杜威之间的争论无疑是非常值得关注的。显然,二者的美学无论是在思维方法、艺术功用、艺术本质论等等方面都存在着显著的差异,其论争的焦点及主要差异在于:谁的思想更好地克服了二元论的缺陷、是否存在独立于生活以外的艺术、艺术是否是非功利的活动、艺术活动与逻辑活动是否就是天然对立的等等,以至于他们均不认为二者之间有任何共同的立场。但是,二者在对传统美学的批判与解构、艺术对人生的价值与意义、艺术自律性的问题上,仍有着相似的立场与期待,也正因如此,才使得二者共同在20世纪上半叶的西方美学史中发挥着重要的作用。

The argument between Bendetto Croce and John Dewey in the 1940＇s was an important event in the 20 th Century＇s aesthetic history,and different people joined in the dispute in different time;this argument is still going on until now.They have a lot of differences in the following questions：whose idea has overcome the shortcomings of dualism？Can art be independent of life？Is art a kind of anti-utilitarian activity？Is there natural antagonism between art and logical activity？But they still had something in common,even though they did not agree with each other.They both criticized traditional aesthetics;they all gave a high position to art,and art autonomy,which were the main questions in the 20 th century aesthetic history.