禀赋效应的行为和实验经济学研究进展

Endowment Effect: A Selective Survey and Discussion on Behavioral and Experimental Evidence

禀赋效应是指拥有某物品的人们对某物品的评价,比不拥有该物品品的人对该物品的评价要高得多。大量的行为实验研究表明,禀赋效应是人类行为的固有倾向,而非诱导的偏好。文章概述交换范式和估值范式这两种不同测度方式的禀赋效应早期实验研究,禀赋效应稳定性、普遍性和微观偏好基础的扩展实验研究,以及最新的关于禀赋效应究竟是源于被试误解还是客观事实的最新实验进展。在此基础上,文章展望了禀赋效应行为经济研究的未来方向。

Endowment effect referred to the tendency for people who own a good to value it more than people who do not. Many behavioral and experimental evidences showed that endowment effect was produced by intrinstic preference rather than elicited preference. This paper summarized the exchange paradigm and valuation paradigm of endowment effect in the early behavioral and experimental study, the stability, the universality and the preference foundation of endowment effect in the further researches, and the hot issue about whether the endowment effect was due to subject misconceptions or intrinsic preference in the latest researches. New insights and further researches were also discussed at the end of this paper.