歐陽修《廬山高》詩解疑

Interpret on Ouyang Xiu's Poetry“Lofty Mount Lu”

《廬山高贈同年劉中允歸南康》是歐陽修最爲自矜的三首詩作之一。該詩以贈別劉渙爲題,實則並非爲"高"劉渙之"節"而作。劉渙深眷"苦空"之道,倔强有餘而建樹不足,其宦途失意後的棄世退隱不可謂之"高節"。當劉渙致仕告歸之際,"學士大夫爭爲詠嘆以餞之"的熱烈場景,爲歐陽公借題起興提供了良好的契機。《廬山高》雄奇壯美的超逸詩情,既凝結着作者於"放逐流離"中難以釋懷的不平之氣,更彰顯出歐陽公守"道"自勵的人格魅力。該詩表面上頡頏《蜀道難》,實則取法韓愈,用奇字,押險韻,以文爲詩,因難見巧。前人有關《廬山高》的分析與解讀,充分體現着藝術審美的差異、變化與多樣性,對此應該給予充分的理解和尊重。

The poetry "Lofty Mount Lu"( 《廬山高》) was one of OuyangXiu's most favorite three poems. The poem used the farewell as title,but in reality it was not praise for Liu Huan's integrity. Liu Huan deeply involved into the "Nihilism ",with excess of contumacy but deficiency of achievements. When Liu Huan retired,the occasion of farewell poems creation provided a good opportunity to Ouyang Xiu.With magnificent and splendid visage,the poetry "Lofty Mount Lu"not only condensed the mood of resentment,but also highlighted the personality charm of Ouyang Xiu's sincerity to "Tao". The poem on the surface was antagonistic of "Hard Roads toward Shu"( 《蜀道難》),but actually emulated Han Yu,with the odd word,charging dangerous rhyme, taking prose as poem, with superb artistic achievement. The analysis and interpretation of "Lofty Mount Lu"by the predecessors fully embodied the aesthetic differences,changes and diversities,which should be fully understood and respected.