陽明學異議者毛憲塑造“毗陵正學”的思想史意義

The Significance of Genealogizing the Changzhou Orthodox Learning by Mao Xian during the Jiajing Period

本文首先還原毛憲與王陽明及其後學的學術論辯,揭示毛氏從程子學說中拈出"主敬"學術宗旨,並試圖塑造由程子至自身的學術傳承脈絡,用以論證其學有正傳。其次通過分析毛憲《毗陵正學編》的史源,論證他運用楊時傳道南方途居常州講學的地方文化資源,刻意强調宋代常州諸賢的理學成就,淡化他們的文學成就,成功塑造了由程子至其自身的學術傳承系譜,這一系譜又經毛憲在道南書院的講學傳播給當地士人。最後指出,自陽明學衝擊原有理學格局始,各種地方理學文化資源得以發掘並與陽明學展開競爭,反映了當時理學學說多元並競格局的發展動向。

This article focuses on the establishment of the Neo-Confucian tradition of Changzhou Orthodox Learning( piling zhengxue,毗陵正學). Its creator Mao Xian was a local anti-Yangming scholar in early Jiajing period. Through compiling Piling Zhengxuebian( 《毗陵正學編》),a biography collection of "orthodox " scholars,Mao Xian constructed a continuous genealogy which covered lots of Cheng and Zhu School scholars from Northern Song to Ming. This study shows that this kind of Neo-Confucian tradition was created as a response to the Yangming Learning,as their "orthodox"were heavily impacted by the rise of latter.