医院重症监护室新生儿病例回顾性调查研究

Epidemiologic investigation of hospitalized neonates at a neonatal intensive care unit

目的：了解泰安市某医院重症监护室住院新生儿基本情况和疾病病种的分布和转归，进一步合理指导临床决策，提高临床综合诊疗水平。方法回顾性流行病学分析2013年10月1日至2014年10月1日的泰安市某医院重症监护室1636名住院新生儿病例。结果①住院新生儿男女性别比为1.42：1；②早产儿所占比例为29.3%，高于2009年全国水平（26.2%）；主要为34周~的晚期早产儿；③以新生儿出院第一诊断统计排名前3位的疾病分别是呼吸系统疾病、高危产和新生儿黄疸；④顺产儿659例（占40.3%），剖宫产儿975例（占59.6%）；⑤住院新生儿病死率为0.4%。结论住院新生儿中早产儿比例有增加趋势；剖宫产率有待于控制；加强住院新生儿呼吸系统疾病的诊治管理。

Objective：To investigate the basic situation,the treatment outcome and the disease spectrum of hospitalized neonates from Maternity and Child Health Hospital in Taian,and to provide more reasonable basis for clinical treatment and improve the composite clinical treatment. Methods：A retrospective investigation was carried out in 1636 neonates born in this hospital from October 2013 to October 2014. Results：① The sex ratio of hospitalized neonates was 1. 42：1;② The incidence of premature birth was 29. 3 % ,which was higher than the national average（26. 2% ）;③ The top three sus-ceptible diseases of the neonates were respiratory system diseases,high-risk production and neonatal jaundice;④The cae-sarean birth accounted for 59. 6% ,which was significantly higher than the national average（49. 2% ）;⑤ The neonatal mortality was 0. 4%. Conclusion：The incidence of premature birth has increased,so the rate of cesarean section should be controlled and the management of diagnosis and treatment of respiratory system diseases of newborn also should be strength-ened.