商事登记改革后续卫生监管现状与对策

Health Supervision Status and Strategies after the Business Registration Reform

目的分析评估商事登记改革后公共场所存在的监管难点问题,探讨解决主体登记与经营实体后续许可监管矛盾的途径与对策。方法采用回顾性调查,分析2013—2015年商事登记移交卫生监管部门的商事登记主体,其所确立经营项目与实体经营行为的许可申报实施以及监管现况,评估仅登记未获许可实体的经营行为对公共卫生安全及监管潜在风险。结果深圳市实行商事登记改革中部分登记主体法制意识不强,存无实体经营行为或登记信息虚假,造成后续许可审批机关为查证经营行为虚耗公帑,经营行为涉及公共安全的部分商事登记主体,未尽实施经营的许可申请手续,进入实质经营行为给公共卫生安全带来较大风险,使取缔不符合后续许可要求商事主体经营行为陷入困境,也造成登记主体投资损失等诸多后续监管困扰。结论加强法规宣传,促进商事登记后主体实施经营行为前相关许可申报的自律,作为法治型与服务型政府,应推动立法或现有法规修改,实行风险评估,对涉及公共卫生安全的商事行为,商事登记形式与实质审查兼顾,登记与后续许可机关实行信息互通,共享大数据,强化社会监督效应,完善经营诚信管理体系,建立以经营场所监管网底的多部门推动,风险共控的后续监管长效机制,履行政府监管与服务职能,维护公共安全,促进市场健康有序发展,构建和谐社会。

Objective To analyze and evaluate the supervision difficult issues existing in the public place after the business registration reform and discuss the ways and strategies for resolving the subsequent license supervision contractions of sub-ject registration and operational entity. Methods The license declaration implementation and supervision status of the oper-ational projects and entity operational behaviors determined by the business registration main body handed over to the health supervision department from 2013 to 2015 was retrospectively surveyed, and the potential risks that the operational behaviors with registration but without license brought to public health safety and supervision were evaluated. Results The legal sense of some registration main bodies in the business registration reform in Shenzhen was not strong without entity operational behaviors or with false registration information, causing the public funds waste of verification operational behav-iors in the subsequent license approval institutions, the entrance of parenchymal operational behaviors of some business registration main bodies involving in public safety but without operational license application procedures brought a greater risk to the public health safety, making the operational behaviors of banning business main bodies failing to meet the subse-quent license requirements fall into trouble, also causing many subsequent supervision troubles such as the investment loss of registration main bodies. Conclusion Our law-oriented and service-oriented government should enhance the law publici-ty, promote the self-discipline of related license declaration before the implementation of operational behavior by main bod-ies after the business registration, promote the legislation and modification of present laws, implement the risk evaluation＆nbsp;and substantive review of business behavior involving in public health safety and business registration form, and the regis-tration and subsequent license institution should implement information communication and big data sharing, intensify social supervision efficacy, improve the operational faith management system, establish a subsequent long-term supervision and risk-sharing mechanism promoted by multiple departments, perform the government supervision and service function, main-tain the public safety, promote the orderly development of market health and construct a harmonious society.