现代汉语“副名”和“比N还N”构式名词的异同分析

Differences and Similarities of Nouns in “Adverb + Noun” and “bi N hai N” Constructions in Modern Chinese

有关现代汉语"副名"构式的研究已有50多年的历史,该研究认为使用最多的名词是抽象名词。虽然"比N还N"构式含有"副名"构式"还N",但在名词使用上与"副名"构式既有相同,也有相异。造成相同的原因是:两构式都分别传承了上位构式的形容词句法和语义特征;"比N还N"构式传承了"副名"构式的部分名词形式。造成相异的原因是:"比N还N"构式中的后一个N受到前一个N的压制,"副名"构式仅仅是程度副词修饰名词,且使用的程度副词数量更多,这两个因素使"比N还N"构式名词使用的自由度不如"副名"构式大。

The research on＂Adverb ＋ Noun＂construction in modern Chinese has been done for more than fifty years,which claims that most of nouns used in the construction are abstract nouns. Though＂hai N＂in＂bi N hai N＂construction belongs to ＂Adverb ＋ Noun＂construction,and＂bi N hai N＂construction is similar to＂Adverb ＋ Noun＂construction in some nouns,there exists similarities and differences in nouns. The reasons for similarities are： the two constructions inherit characteristics of adjective in syntax and semantics; ＂bi N hai N ＂construction inherits some nouns from ＂Adverb ＋Noun＂construction. The reasons for differences are： the first N in ＂bi N hai N＂construction coerced the second N,and there are more adverbs in ＂Adverb ＋ Noun＂construction than ＂bi N hai N＂construction,which results in that＂Adverb＋ Noun＂construction is more free in using nouns than ＂bi N hai N＂construction.