驾驶员制动和转向避撞极限

Drivers' Collision Avoidance Limit by Braking and Steering

结合驾驶员避撞行为特征和车辆动力学特性,对驾驶员的制动和转向避撞极限进行了研究,得到了制动避撞和转向避撞的临界TTC(time-to-collision)值,并对比分析了两种避撞方式的适用性以及道路摩擦系数、重叠率等因素的影响.结果表明,转向避撞在高相对速度、低附着系数、低重叠率等工况下相比于制动避撞更有优势.

The limit of drivers＇ capacity of collision avoidance by braking and steering were analyzed in this paper based on the charateristics of drivers＇ collision avoidance manervers and vehicle dynamics. The critical values of time-to-collision （TTC） of these two different collision avoidance manervers were obtained and compared. The influences of road coefficient and overlap rate were also analyzed. The results quantitatively show that under certain conditions such as high relative speed, low friction coefficient, and small lateral overlap, the collision avoidance by steering is easier than by braking.