山东省国家级乡村旅游地空间分异特征及影响因素

Spatial Differentiation and Its Influencing Factors of National Rural Tourism Destination in Shandong Province

以山东省307个乡村旅游示范单元为研究样本,运用空间自相关、核密度估计、空间插值等GIS空间分析方法,对乡村旅游示范单元的空间分布类型、均衡程度、分布密度等进行定量表征,并总结其空间分异的影响因素。结果表明:1山东省乡村旅游示范单元整体呈现正空间自相关,呈现空间集聚性特征;2密度分布表现为鲁东半岛,鲁中山区,鲁西、鲁北平原三大空间分布热点区域;3空间分异的主要影响因素为地形、水文等自然因素和客源因素、政策驱动、交通区位及高级别景区的辐射效应等人文因素。基于此,结合山东省乡村旅游发展现状提出四点建议:深入挖掘乡村旅游资源,完善旅游供给侧;构建产业化发展模式,丰富营销策略,依托产业链带动客源市场;强化乡村旅游社区基础设施建设,提高乡村可进入性与舒适度;营造良好投资环境,实现乡村旅游扶贫与开发精准化。

By choosing 307 demonstration attractions of rural tourism in Shandong Province as the research unit and combining the GIS methods of spatial autocorrelation, kernel density estimation and spatial interpolation, this paper studies the space distribution type, balanced degree, spatial density for the quantitative characterization about the rural tourism demonstration units. The conclusions are as follows： （1） Rural tourism demonstration units have a positive spatial autocorrelation, which shows spatial clustering. （2） The density distribution of Shandong Province has three differentiation characteristics： the Peninsula area, the central mountains and the western and northern plains. （3） The main influencing factors of spatial differentiation are natural factors such as topography, hydrology, and humanistic factors such as source of tourists, policy, traffic location and the impact of high-level scenic spots. On this basis, it puts forward four suggestions combined with the situation of Shandong rural tourism development： first, deepen the excavation of rural tourism resources and improve the tourism supply; second, build industrial development model, enrich the marketing strategy and rely on industry chain to drive the tourist source market; third, strengthen the infrastructure construction in the rural tourism community, improve rural accessibility and comfort; fourth, create a favorable investment environment and achieve the precision of poverty alleviation and sustainable development of rural tourism.