从枝菌根真菌与柳枝稷协同固碳机制及对土壤碳氮循环的调控

Collaborative Carbon Sequestration Mechanism of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Switchgrass and Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Cycle Regulation

基于全球气候变化和能源危机的趋势,寻找新的替代能源已经成为应对气候变化的一种创新策略。柳枝稷(Panicum virgatum L.)是原产于北美的一种多年生C4能源植物,能够增加土壤碳固存,并且可用于提取和生产纤维素乙醇减少能源消耗。上世纪90年代初,柳枝稷在我国西北地区种植成功并表现出了良好的生态适应性。丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi,AMF)是一类广泛分布在土壤中与植物根系共生的真菌。这类微生物不但能够促进植物生长、提高其抗逆性,还能在植物-土壤系统碳转移和陆地生态系统碳氮循环过程中发挥重要作用。本文重点围绕丛枝菌根真菌的固碳机理、柳枝稷的作用与固碳机理、丛枝菌根真菌与柳枝稷的协同固碳机理及丛枝菌根真菌参与土壤碳氮循环等方面的内容做了详尽的综述,并为进一步开展有关丛枝菌根真菌与柳枝稷协同固碳机制的研究提出了建议。

With the aggravation of global carbon emissions and the rise of energy prices,looking for new alternative energy sources has become an innovative strategy to address climate change.Switchgrass（Panicum virgatum L.）,aperennial plant originated in North America as a C4 bioenergy source,can significantly increase soil carbon sequestration and can be used for the extraction and production of cellulosic ethanol to reduce energy consumption.In the early 1990 s,switchgrass showed good ecological adaptability and grew successfully in Northwest China.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（AMF）are a class of symbiotic fungi of plant roots and distributed widely in the soil.Besides promoting growth and increase resistance of the plans,this organism plays an important role in carbon transfer in plant-soil systems and carbon and nitrogen cycle in the terrestrial ecosystem.However,collaborative carbon sequestration mechanism of AMF and switchgrass is not yet understood.This article reviews the carbon sequestration mechanism of AMF in detail,which includes the role and carbon sequestration mechanism of switchgrass,collaborative carbon sequestration mechanism of AMF and switchgrass as well as AMF involves in soil carbon and nitrogen cycles,and notes the recommendations for further research on collaborative carbon sequestration mechanism of AMF and switchgrass.