从“诗人身份”考察中西诗学思想之异同

Differences and Similarities of Chinese and Western Poetics Thoughts from Perspectives of Poets' Identity

维柯从词源学和文化发生学发现了诗人集预言家、历史学家、哲学家为一身,中西诗人们在人类文化建设中担当了立法者、历史叙述者、文化传承者、变革者、真理启蒙者等角色。与中国诗人身份相比,中西诗学思想沿着不同路径发展:西方诗人立足于神学和历史,长篇历史叙事诗成就斐然;中国诗学更多从政治和现实出发,诗以载道、教化、缘情、寄兴、讽谏、言志的诗学思想活跃。

Vico discovered that the poet was a prophet, a historian and a philosopher from perspectives ot culture genealogy and etymology. He proved that poets have various roles in the construction of human culture, including the legislators, historical narrator, cultural heritage, reformers, torchbearer of truth etc. Compared with the identity of the Chinese poet, there are different paths of poetic development between Chinese and Western. Western poets created a large number of long historical narrative poems from perspectives of theology and history. China poetics believethat poetry is due to Tao, affection, will and enlightenment from perspectives of politics and reality.