五四理想“人”的发现与初期新文学主题、形态的确立

The Discovery of the Ideal“Human”in“May 4th”and the Establishment of Themes and Forms of the Initial New Literature

初期新文学,即"人的文学"的理论与创作活动,是五四现代人道主义社会改造整体思潮运动的关键性部分。现代人道主义者对理想的"人"的发现,成为初期新文学的一个核心主题,并在周氏兄弟引领下,引发"人间性的发现"创作热潮。理想的"人"的发现包括四个层面,五四"人的文学"家均做出了新的文学表现:首先将人看作人,却又发现当今国人均非人道主义理想所要求之"人",不过,人道主义人性观认定"非人"皆可改造成为理想之"人",于是五四"人的文学"家着重表现了在人类爱的感召下个体精神"觉醒"的"爱的奇迹",鲁迅、周作人、叶绍钧、谢冰心、王统照、许地山等均做出成功的文学表现,并创造出新的文学主题与形态。

The initial New Literature,namely the theory and creation activities of＂human literature＂,was the key part of＂May4th＂modern humanitarian social reform movement about the trend of thoughts.The ideal＂human＂introduced by modern humanitarianism became the main theme of the initial New Literature,and under the guidance of the Zhou brothers,an upsurge of creation on＂human discovery＂was brought out.The process of discovering ideal＂human＂included four aspects on which the＂May 4th＂＂human literature＂writers had made new literary expression：to regard a man as a human first.But they found out at that time no countrymen met the humanitarian ideals＇ requirement of＂human＂.Nevertheless,according to the humanity view of humanitarian,the＂nonhuman＂all could be remoulded into the ideal＂human＂,and therefore＂human literature＂of＂May 4th＂focused on＂the miracle of love＂of the awakening individualism inspired by human＇s love.Many writers had made good examples on literature creation such as Lu Xun,Zhou Zuoren,Ye Shaojun,Xie Bingxin,Wang Tongzhao,Xu Dishan and so on.