风险管理模式降低医院护理不良事件的意义

Significance of Risk Management in Reducing the Hospital Nursing Adverse Events

目的探讨风险管理模式对降低医院护理不良事件的效果,为临床应用提供参考依据。方法随机选取该院12个不同护理单元,根据管理模式的不同分为研究组和对照组。研究组共6个护理单元,实施护理风险管理模式;对照组共6个护理单元,采用常规护理管理体制。比较两组护理不良事件发生率及护理人员安全意识改变情况。结果研究组2217例患者中,共发生10例给药错误、39例管路滑脱、15例坠床及0例走失,其护理不良事件发生率为2.89%;对照组2235例患者中,共发生42例给药错误、61例管路滑脱、38例坠床及3例走失,其护理不良事件发生率为6.44%;组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。研究组63例护理人员中,护理人员风险因素一般认识得分为(21.1±3.9)、风险管理认识(21.5±3.7)、风险管理态度(21.9±3.4)及风险管理行为意向(22.7±3.3),显著高于实施前的(15.3±7.4)、(16.1±6.9)、(15.1±5.9)及(16.1±6.1),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论护理风险管理模式应用于医院护理管理工作中,可有效减少护理不良事件发生,培养护理人员安全意识、风险意识及抗风险能力,为拉近护患关系,构建良好医院形象做出贡献,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To study the effect of risk management in reducing the hospital nursing adverse events and provide basis for the clinical application. Methods 12 different nursing units in our hospital were randomly selected and divided into two groups with 6 nursing units in each according to the different management models, the research group adopted nursing risk management model, the control group adopted the routine nursing management system, and the incidence rate of nursing adverse events and change of safety awareness of nursing staff were compared between the two groups. Results In the 2217 cases of patients in the research group, administration mistake was in 10 cases, piping slipping was in 39 cases,falling down from bed was in 15 cases and missing was in 0 case, and the incidence rate of nursing adverse events was2.89%, in the 2235 cases of patients in the control group, administration mistake was in 42 cases, piping slipping was in 61 cases, falling down from bed was in 38 cases and missing was in 3 cases, and the incidence rate of nursing adverse events was 6.44%, and the differences between groups had statistical significance, P〈0.01; in the 63 cases of nursing staff in the research group, the general awareness score of nursing staff risk factors, risk management awareness, risk management attitude and risk management behavior intention were obviously higher than those before implementation, [（21.1±3.9）,（21.5±3.7）,（21.9±3.4）,（22.7±3.3） vs（15.3±7.4）,（16.1±6.9）,（15.1±5.9）（16.1±6.1）], and the differences had statistical significance,P〈0.01. Conclusion The application of nursing risk management model in the hospital nursing management work can effectively reduce the occurrence of nursing adverse events, cultivate the safety awareness, risk awareness and anti-risk ability of nursing staff and make contributions to drawing near the doctor-nurse relationship and constructing a good hospital image, which is worth clinical promotion and application.