呼吸内科下呼吸道感染患者病原菌及药敏分析

Analysis of Pathogenic Bacteria and Drug Sensitivity of Patients with Respiratory Tract Infection in the Department of Respiration Medicine

目的探究引发呼吸内科下呼吸道感染患者染病的病原菌及药敏分析。方法随机抽取2013年5月—2016年3月该院呼吸内科下呼吸道感染患者112例。按有无肺部疾病分为对照组(无肺部疾病)和实验组(有基础疾病)。对两组患者进行痰培养和药敏性试验,并对两组患者进行对比分析。结果检出细菌211株,主要为铜绿假单胞菌50株(23.7%),肺炎链球菌26株(12.3%),流感嗜血杆菌25株(11.8%)。其中革兰氏阴性杆菌165株(78.2%),革兰氏阳性杆菌46株(21.8%)。流感嗜血菌及副流感嗜血菌对三代孢头菌素较敏感;铜绿假单胞菌对美洛培南敏感,对三代孢头菌素敏感性差;葡萄球菌对大部分青霉素耐药,对美洛培南敏感。结论下呼吸道感染主要是由革兰氏阴性菌引起的,病原菌耐药性较强,合理应用抗生素可以起到抑制细菌抗药性的作用。

Objective To analyze the pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivity of patients with respiratory tract infection in the department of respiration medicine. Methods 112 cases of patients with respiratory tract infection in the department of respiration medicine in our hospital from May 2013 to May 2016 were randomly extracted, an divided into the control group（without lung disease） and experimental group（with basic disease） according to whether there was the lung disease or not,and both groups were given sputum culture and drug sensitivity test, and were compared and analyzed. Results 211 strains of bacteria were tested, mainly including 50 strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa（23.7%）, 26 strains of streptococcus pneumoniae（12.3%）, 25 strains of haemophilus influenza（11.8%）, and 165 strains of gram-negative bacillus（78.2%） and 46 strains of gram-positive bacilli（21.8%）, hemophilus influenza and hemophilus parainfluenzae were more sensitive to third generation cephalosporins, pseudomonas aeruginosa was sensitive to meropenem and had a worse sensitivity to third generation cephalosporins, and staphylococcus was resistance to most penicillin and sensitive to meropenem. Conclusion The lower respiratory tract infection is mainly caused by gram-negative bacterium, the tolerance of pathogenic bacteria is strong, and rational use of antibiotics can have a restraining effect of bacterial resistance.