儿科门诊超说明书用药的调查分析

Survey Analysis of Off-label Drug Use in the Pediatric Clinic

目的通过对2015年该院儿科门诊超说明书用药的相关数据总结分析,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法随机抽取该院儿科2015年1—12月的门诊处方,根据药品说明书的内容,对超说明书用药处方进行用药类型、年龄段和药物类型进行统计分析。结果共抽取儿科门诊处方3256张,含9816条用药记录。按处方和用药记录统计,超说明书用药发生率分别为69.23%和50.33%。超说明书用药类型主要包括超年龄(48.68%)、超给药剂量(23.72%)和超用药频次(16.33%)。超说明书用药发生年龄段居首位是新生儿(62.71%),其次是婴幼儿(56.27%)和学龄期(50.10%);超说明书用药种类发生率居前三位依次是抗感染药(60.43%)、血液系统用药(58.56%)、中成药(50.89%)。结论该院儿科门诊超说明书用药较常见,存在一定的医疗安全隐患。医师要严格把握说明书,减少超所明书用药,临床药师应对超说明书用药进行密切监测并适当干预。

Objective To summarize and analyze the related data of off-label drug use in the pediatric clinic in our hospital in 2015 and provide reference for clinical rational medication. Methods The clinic prescriptions in the pediatric clinic from January 2015 to December 2015 were randomly extracted and the medication type, age group and drug type of off-label drug use prescription were counted and analyzed according to the content of drug instructions. Results 3256 prescriptions in the pediatric clinic were extracted, including 9816 medication records, and the incidence rates of off-label drug use were respectively 69.23% and 50.33%, and the main medication types of off-label drug use included off-age（48.68%）, off-administration dosage（23.72%） and off-medical frequency（16.33%）, in terms of the age group of off-label drug use, newborn was in the first place,（62.71%）, the second was infant（56.27%） and school age（50.10%）, in terms of the incidence rate of medication type of off-label drug use, anti-infection drug was in the first place,（60.43%）, the second was the blood system medication（58.56%） and Chinese patent drug（50.89%）. Conclusion The off-label drug use in the pediatric clinic in our hospital is common with a certain medical safety hidden dangers, and the physicians should strictly master instructions, reduce the off-label drug use and carry out close monitoring and appropriate intervention for the off-label drug use.