弗雷格逻辑系统中的语句、真值和判断杠

On Sentence,Truth-Value and Judgment-Stroke in the System of Frege's Logic

弗雷格逻辑系统中的语句是指称真值的单独词项,但因此而指责他混淆了语句和单独词项的区别,却是一种误解。因为弗雷格的语句并非是具有判断功能的自然语句,而是对自然语句作了去判断力处理后形成的单独词项,而判断杠则是用于恢复语句的判断力的设施。弗雷格独特的语句、真值和判断杠概念是与他的函数分析法相配套的,而在普遍采用谓词分析法的今天,这些概念已经不再需要,只有"真值"这个术语保留了下来,但语境已发生了变化。

A sentence in Frege＇s logical system is a singular term designating a truth -value. But it is a misunderstanding to blame Frege for ignoring the difference between a sentence and a singular term according- ly. A Fregean sentence is not a natural sentence that makes a judgment, while it is indeed a singular term which is formed by depriving the assertoric force of a natural sentence. Fregean judgment - stroke is a device to form judgment expressions from his sentences which have no assertoric force. Fregean characteristic con- cepts of sentence, truth - value and judgment - stroke are matched with his function analysis method; these concepts have been no longer needed ever since the predicate analysis method was widely adopted. Only the term ＂truth- value＂ has been retained, but its context has changed.