横琴围垦规划方案对磨刀门影响试验研究

Experimental Study on the Effect of Reclamation Project in Hengqin on Modaomen Estuary

在分析珠江河口磨刀门水沙动力的基础上,介绍了横琴新区南部围填海工程总体规划方案。采用珠江河口整体物理模型,通过清水、浑水定床试验,研究了横琴围垦规划方案对磨刀门河口的影响。研究结果表明:规划方案实施后,工程附近的水动力分布将有大幅调整,磨刀门水道涨、落潮量及分流比减少;洪湾水道分流增加,径流动力相应增强;十字门水道及口外湾口水域水动力均减弱。围垦规划方案实施后,磨刀门口外的深槽由双汊变为单汊,拦门沙位置下移,与无工程相比,工程后磨刀门及十字门出口10 a累积淤积厚度有所增;主要浅滩发展速度呈增大趋势,但变化幅度不大。建议对远期规划的岸线走向和线型作适当优化,以减小工程的不利影响。

Based on the analysis of the water and sediment dynamics in Modaomen Estuary in the Pearl River, the reclamation project in southern Hengqin district has been introduced in this paper. Through the experiment by fixed bed of water and suspended sediment deposition in Pearl River Estuary physical model, the evolution of the Modaomen Estuary after building the project is studied. The result shows that the hydrodynamic distribution near the project should change after building the project. The rise, ebb tidal volume and split ratio in Modaomen waterway will decrease. The split ratio and runoff in Hongwan waterway will increase. The hydromantic in Shizimen waterway and estuary of Shizimen will decrease. The deep groove in Modaomen Estuary will change from double to single and the position of mouth bar will move down. Compared with the non-project, the thickness of accumulated sediment through ten years at the estuary of Modaomen and Shizimen beach has increased after building the project; the rate of development at main beach is increased too, but it changed slightly. In order to reduce the adverse effects, we suggest that there should be appropriate optimization on the shoreline tendency and type.