康有为、谭嗣同大同思想的近代形态及其现实意义

Kang Youwei and Tan Sitong's Ideas of Great Unity

大同是中国人的千年梦想,不同时代的人拥有不同的大同之梦。如果说古代大同理想是外王的一部分,寄予着平天下的雄心和抱负的话,那么近代大同则迫于救亡图存的社会现实,是政治需要和生存竞争使然。不同的历史背景和立言宗旨决定了近代大同拥有迥异于古代的新意蕴、新视野和新诉求。康有为、谭嗣同的大同理念与古代大同迥异其趣,带有近代特有的时代烙印和鲜明特征。作为大同的近代形态,两人的大同思想具有前所未有的意义和价值,这些通过大同思想形成的历史语境和背景、大同思想的核心内容和特征以及大同思想的历史价值和启示集中体现出来。

The ＂great unity＂ has long been a Chinese dream,and people in different times have very different ideas of ＂great unity＂. If the utopian society envisioned by the idea of great unity in ancient China was part of the pursuit of waiwang 外王（literally,to be a wise ruler outside）,then the idea of great unity in modern China was shaped by China＇s political reality,i.e. its struggle for survival among the threats posed by foreign powers. In the light of its historical context,the idea of great unity in modern China,championed by Kang Youwei and Tan Sitong,differed greatly in meaning,vision and purpose from its counterparts of the ancient times and clearly showed the characteristics of that time. As the modern form of the Confucius ideology,Kang and Tan＇s ideas of great unity have unprecedented significance and value,which can be approached by examining their historical background,their core contents and features and their historical value and implications.