陌生人社会中日常生活的确定性及其运行框架

Daily Life Certainty and Operational Framework ina Stranger Society

确定性是日常生活的重要属性,也是人们获得本体性安全的重要基础之一。中国社会的转型特点之一便是陌生人社会取代传统的熟人社会,因此日常生活中会有更多的不确定性因素需要克服。在现代化进程中,陌生人社会形成了一种总体性的日常生活运行框架,建立了基本的生活秩序。其中,抽象时空坐标的建立、人际关系的契约化、专业知识对于日常生活问题的介入等是这个运行框架的基本要件。这种运行框架在给日常生活带来确定性的同时,也产生了一些意料之外的非确定性后果,例如身份意识模糊、人为风险增加、日常体验空洞化等。为了弥补运行框架的这种缺陷,建立运行框架与日常生活之间的离合机制不失为一种值得探讨的思路。

Certainty is a very important attribute of daily life,which is also one of the significant bases for individuals to acquire ontological security. The shifting from a traditional acquaintance society to a stranger society,which is one of the Chinese social transitions,has generated more uncertainty in people＇ s daily life.In the process of modernization,a stranger society has formed its overall operational framework in daily life and established a basic life order. In this framework,the establishment of the abstract time-and-space coordinate,the contractual interpersonal relationship and expertise involved in daily life are the basic components. This operational framework secures certainty for individual＇ s daily life,but at the same time,it also renders some unexpected uncertain outcomes,such as blurring individual identity,increasing man-made risks and hollowing daily experience. In order to make up the flaws of this operational framework,setting up a clutch mechanism between the framework and daily life is a way worthy of exploration.