宽皮柑橘剥皮机去顶环切装置的设计与试验

Design and experimental of topping and ring cutting device for citrus reticulate peeling machine

为了提高宽皮柑橘果皮剥净率,为宽皮柑橘剥皮机设计了去顶环切装置,以去除柑橘果柄部果皮并沿最大果径环切一周将果皮划破。该装置主要由机架、对心机构、去顶机构、环切机构组成。工作时,柑橘固定,去顶刀刃逐渐旋切嵌入果柄处果皮,切断果柄周围果皮及橘络,在柑橘顶部旋出一个圆形的切痕并夹持住顶部果皮,在刀具箱上行的过程中,在刀刃挤压力和摩擦力的作用下带走柑橘顶部果皮,实现去顶;环切压盘随着刀具箱的下行压紧去顶后的柑橘,环切压盘上的压盘尖刺嵌入柑橘橘皮并卡住柑橘,此时,一侧的环切刀随着对心轴的转动嵌入柑橘果皮中;电机启动,环切压盘带动柑橘做旋转运动,环切刀在柑橘径向形成一周划痕,实现环切。对影响去顶性能和环切性能的热蒸气时间和刀轴转速进行的单因素试验结果表明:在热蒸气时间90 s、刀轴转速120r/min时,柑橘去顶成功率和去顶损伤率分别为96.7%、4.2%,柑橘环切率和环切损伤率分别为97.5%、4.7%。

To improve the peeling rate of citrus, a top removal and ring cutting device was designed for citrus peeling machine,In order to remove the peel of the citrus fruit stalk and cut the peel through the largest fruit diameter of the citrus peel. The device is mainly composed of frame, a centering mechanism, a top removal mechanism, a ring cutting mechanism. At work, the citrus does not move, to the top removed blade gradually peeling embedded in the fruit stalk peel, cut off the citrus fruit stalk around the peel and orange network, in the top of the citrus spin a circular cut and hold the top peel, in the tool box in the process of upward, under the effect of cutting edge squeezing force and friction force, the top peel of citrus is taken away; Ring cutting pressure plate with the knife box down to the top of the mandarin orange, ring pressure plate pressure plate embedded citrus orange peel and stuck citrus, this time, the side of the ring cutter with the heart The rotation of the shaft is embedded in the citrus peel; the motor starts and the circular cut and pressure plate drives the citrus to rotate, and the ring cutter forms a circle of scratch in the citrus radial direction to realize ring cutting. The single-factor test was carried out on the hot steam time and the rotating speed of the arbor, which affect the performance of detaching and cutting. The experiment results showed that when operation on the heating time of 90 s and cutter shaft rotation speed of 120 r/min, the rate of topping and damage rate was 96.7% and 4.2%; the rate of ring cutting and damage rate was 97.5% and 4.7%, respectively.