空间运输系统模块化方案设计

Design of Modular Program of Space Transportation System

由于不同航天器功能不同,其平台构型和产品组成均不相同,货物运输航天器由于货物种类不同,也难以通过单一平台实现,空间运输航天器在研制成本、研发周期和可靠性方面劣势明显;针对上述情况,汲取美国、欧洲、日本、俄罗斯空间运输系统的模块化设计思想,在分析空间飞行器对载人往返运输、物质补给运输多任务需求的基础上,提出在当前飞行器基本构型上发展系列空间运输航天器的思路;开展了该系统的标准模块、标准舱段的识别,提出了满足不同功能和性能的载人运输、物资运输、可返回运输等任务的模块配置和舱段组合方案,目前已初步应用于某型号航天器研制工作,可实现降低成本、缩短研发周期、提高可靠性的空间运输。

Due to the different function of spacecraft,the platform architecture and the components of product are also different. And because of the different kinds of goods,it is difficult for one single platform to achieve. Space transportation spacecrafts have obvious disadvantages in development costs,research and development cycle and reliability. According to the above situation,this paper drew modular design ideas of space transportation system in America,Europe,Japan and Russia. On the analysis of multitasking demands on spacecraft for manned round-trip transportation and materials supply transportation,the paper proposed an idea that developing a series of space transport aircraft based on the basic configuration of current spacecraft. Standard modules and standard cabins for the spacecraft were identified,and a program of module configuration and cabin combination was proposed to satisfy different function and performance of manned transportation,materials supply transportation and round-trip transportation,and it has been preliminarily applied to a certain type aircraft development work. The program will be beneficial for reducing costs,shortening the research and development cycle and improving the reliability of space transportation.