军事飞行员体型评价指标比较

Comparisons of Indices of Physical Fitness for Military Pilots

目的：比较飞行员体型评价指标,提出身体质量指数（BMI）合格判定标准。方法：测量人体参数,算出身高体重偏差（%）、BMI、维尔维克指数。实测得到中国男性飞行员样本为2001年的1739人、2012年的4243人。分析比较体型评价指标相关、回归关系,以身高体重偏差指标合格标准为基础,统计给出飞行员BMI体型评价标准。结果：三个体型评价指标之间存在高相关（r〉0.9）。在21-57岁区间内,飞行员身体发育仍受年龄因素影响;年龄渐长,体型指标值逐渐变大。BMI与身高体重偏差在20-29岁r=0.992,在30-59岁r≥0.994,呈现良好但略有差别的线性回归关系。若用BMI替代身高体重偏差指标,飞行员体型评价数据将普遍增大。结论：在飞行员BMI体型评价中,应以30岁为界划分两个年龄段,设定20-29岁飞行员20≤BMI≤25体型合格、30-59岁飞行员21≤BMI≤27体型合格。分析表明,新BMI标准产生的误判率仅为8.94%。

Objective： To determine the criterion of body mass index （BMI） for physical fitness evaluation on the basis of comparison of indices for military pilots. Methods： The deflection from normal weight （ % ）, BMI and Ververck index were calculated based on anthropometrical data. There were 1739 Chinese male pilots in sample of 2001, and 4243 pilots in sample of 2012. The correlations and the regression were analyzed between deflection from normal weight and BMI as well as Ververck index. The BMI standards of physical fitness evaluation were presented statistically according with the demands of normal weight for male military pilots. Results： The three indices of physical fitness were highly correlated one another （ r 〉0.9）. The physique changes were influenced by age factor in range of 21--57 years, and the values of physical fitness indices became more lager with increasing ages. The correlations of BMI and deflection from normal weight were 0.992 in 20-29 year age, and r ≥0.994 in 30-59 years old which showed very good linear regressions with some notable differences. The data of physical fitness would tend to bigger if the deflection from normal weight （ % ） was substituted by the BMI for the pilots. Conclusions： There should be a milestone at aged 30 in physical fitness evaluation of Chinese male military pilots, one criterion of 20≤BMI≤25 was set for normal somatotype of pilots aged 20-29, and another of 21 ≤BMI≤27 for pilots aged 30- 59. The rate of misjudgment was only 8.94 % with these new standards of BMI applied in pilot physical fitness evaluation.