存在、仰或自由——解读《法国中尉的女人》的存在主义

Existence,Respect or Freedom——Interpretation of The Existentialism in The French Lieutenant's Woman

存在主义关注的是人的生存状态,其首要的原则是肯定人的存在先于本质,表现人在绝望、荒谬的境遇中能够保持精神自由和自由选择。《法国中尉的女人》历来被当作后现代主义小说的典范进行解读,而且小说中处处渗透着浓郁的存在主义精神、自由和自由选择的色彩。存在、仰或自由是个体生命的至高追求,体现出个体存在最重要的价值和意义。文章就基于存在主义的角度进行分析,为小说的解读提供一种崭新的途径。

What existentialism focuses on is the living state of human beings and its leading principle is to affirm that human ex- istence precedes human nature, presenting that human beings can keep spiritual freedom and optional choice during hopeless and ab- surd conditions. The French Lieutenant＇ s Woman has always been interpreted as a classic postmodernist novel. In addition, this no- vel is rich in existentialist spirits and the sense freedom and optional choice. Existence, respect or freedom is the utmost pursuit of each human individual and it expresses the most important value and significance of each human being. This paper makes an analysis from the perspective of existentialism in order to explore a new way to interpret the novel.