铜对现代生猪养殖双刃剑之优和忧

Advantage and Disadvantage of Copper in Modern Swine Breeding

铜是猪重要的必需微量元素之一。它不仅参与造血功能,而且作为许多重要酶的辅酶因子,参与机体抗氧化、糖脂代谢调控、骨骼矿化、黑色素合成、毛发形成等复杂的功能,饲粮添加高水平铜的促生长和免疫功效,在生产中表现出诸多优势。但生产者往往忽视了它另一面的负效应:打乱了猪代谢的平衡而产生中毒症状,其一是危害猪本身健康,其二是影响肉品安全,甚至危害食用者的健康,其三是产生了难以治理的高铜排泄等环境污染问题。

Copper is one of the indispensible trace elements for swine, which is involved in not only blood production, but also body antioxidant, glucolipid metabolism, bone mineralization, melanin synthesis, and hair formation due to its function of being coenzyme factor of many enzymes. Adding high levels of copper in diet can promote growth and immunity, displaying many advantages in swine production. But its negative effect is often ignored, that is, it disturbs swine＇s metabolization and causes toxic syndromes, which will affect swine＇s health and meat safety, even is detrimental to human＇s health. Moreover, it may cause environmental pollution problems such as high level of copper discharge which is difficult to deal with.