基于符号权力理论的医疗话语权研究

Study on Medical Discursive Power Based on the Bourdieu's Theory of Symbolic Power

基于布迪厄符号权力理论,揭示在医疗话语权中,表达内容通俗易懂是第一要义,语气真诚亲切是人文关怀的体现;采取有效的沟通方式,可以增强话语的说服力;医疗话语权过度张扬则会导致语言暴力。医疗语言暴力的主要形式表现为医疗专业术语及工具性、纯理性的工具语言行为的过度使用;沟通时间受限削弱了患者话语权;医患双方信息不对称限制了患者的话语权。重构稳健医疗话语权力关系的途径包括:增加信任是医患平等话语权重构的基础,规避医方语言暴力,保持医方话语权与患者平等感之间的合理张力。

On the basis of Bourdieu＇s theory of symbolic power,in order to have medical discursive power,medical personnel endowed with specific social authority and humanistic care need to express understandably and speak frankly.Over using of power of discourse might lead to the medical verbal violence,such as the abuse of teleological action and medical terminology,while taking effective communication can enhance the persuasion of discourse.Besides,patients＇ discursive power is weakened by the short communication time and is limited by the asymmetry of medical information.Increasing the trust and evading verbal violence in the communication between doctors and patients are both necessary.In this way,a rational tension between doctors＇ discursive power and patients＇ rights should be kept to remodel the power of symbol and to construct harmonious doctor-patient relationship.