冀花系列高油酸花生新品种(系)遗传差异分析

Genetic diversity analysis on Jihua series of high oleic acid peanut cultivars

为解析冀花系列高油酸花生新品种（系）的遗传构成并分析其遗传差异,对4个高油酸姊妹系及其亲本进行了农艺性状的调查、品质检测和SSR标记检测。结果表明：高油酸品种（系）在荚果产量、籽仁产量、百果重和百仁重等产量相关性状均与母本‘冀花6号’相当并优于父本‘开选01-6’,姊妹系获得了来源于‘开选01-6’的高油酸优良基因片段。其中,‘冀花13号’单株结果数最多,荚果较小,出仁率高。‘冀0607-5’植株相对矮小。SSR标记分析表明,双亲对4个高油酸姊妹系的遗传贡献为46.15%～53.84%。6个多态性标记中,分别有1～5个标记可用来进行两两品种（系）的区分。seq5D05-340和seq15C12-500为‘冀花13号’特异遗传位点;AS1RN9C02-c-386和IPAHM103-190分别为‘冀花16号’和‘冀0607-5’特异遗传位点。遗传距离分析表明,‘冀花19号’和‘冀0607-5’具有较近的亲缘关系,‘冀花13号’与‘冀0607-5’遗传差异最大。以上结果为分析花生高油酸品种（系）的遗传构成及鉴别品种的真实性奠定基础。

The objective of this study was to understand the genetic composition and analyze the genetic diversities of Jihua series of high oleic acid peanut varieties. A total of 4 peanut cultivars and 2 parents were evaluated based on agronomic traits, quality traits and SSR mark- ers. The results indicated high oleic acid peanut varieties had the same yield of the pod, yield of the seed,100-pod weight and 100-seed weight as their female parent＇Jihua6＇, and which was higher than that of male parent＇ Kaixuan01 -6 ＇. Peanut cultivars and their parent＇ Kaixuan01 - 6 ＇had the identical high oleic acid gene. ＇Jihual3 ＇had higher number of pods per plant, smaller pod size and higher kernel percent than those of the other cultivars. ＇Ji0607 - 5 ＇ had shorter plant height than others. SSR data revealed that the genetic contribution range from 2 parents were 46.15 % -53.84 %. Six SSR markers showed polymorphie characteristic among the varieties. The numbers of polymorphic markers were ranged for differentiating 1 to 5 between two varieties. The specific sites in Jihua13 were seq5D05 - 340 and seq15C12 - 500. The specific primers AS1RN9C02 - c - 386 and IPAHM103 - 190 can be used to detect ＇ Jihual6 ＇ and ＇Ji0607-5＇. By genetic distance analysis,Jihua19 and＇Ji0607- 5＇ had the nearer relationships among the cultivars and the genetic differentiation between＇Jihual6＇ and＇Ji0607 -5＇ was higher. The genetic analysis of the high oleic acid peanut varieties might be the genetic basis to understand the genetic composition and to distinguish Jihua series of high oleic acid peanut varieties in the future.