中国成年男性全颈椎生物力学建模与验证

Biomechanics Modeling and Validation for All Cervical Vertebrae of Chinese Adult Male

为了深入分析汽车碰撞中乘员颈部动力学响应和损伤机理,基于完整颈部解剖学结构建立了中国50百分位成年男性高仿生精度的全颈椎生物力学模型,模型由椎骨(密质骨和松质骨)和椎间盘(纤维环、髓核和软骨终板)、韧带、小关节以及肌肉等软组织构成。对比分析模型仿真结果与国外志愿者低速后碰撞试验和4名中国成年男性志愿者20km/h急制动试验,发现人体测量学参数对头颈部响应有较大影响,模型能较好地预测中国50百分位成年男性生物力学响应,可用于汽车安全性设计和颈部防护措施的研究。

For conducting an in-depth analysis on the dynamics response and injury mechanism of occupants＇ neck during vehicle collision,a biomechanics model with high bionic accuracy for all cervical vertebrae of a50 th percentile Chinese adult male is created based on the complete anatomical structure of neck. The model consists of vertebrae（ compact bones and cancellous bones） and intervertebral disc（ fiber ring,nucleus pulposus and cartilage endplate）,ligaments,small joints as well as soft tissues like muscles. Comparative analyses on the model simulation results with the results of low-speed rear collision test of foreign volunteers and 20 km / h hard braking test of four Chinese adult male volunteers discover that anthropometric parameters have great effects on the responses of human head and neck. The model built can well predict the biomechanical responses of 50 th percentile Chinese adult male and can be used in vehicle safety design and neck protection measure study.