基于非线性回归的制动盘通风道结构优化

Structural Optimization of Ventilation Channels in Brake Disc Based on Nonlinear Regression

为提高通风制动盘的散热能力,对其内部通道形式进行了优化。根据正交试验设计提出16种通道布置方案,利用CFD方法计算各方案的内壁散热功率。通过方差分析确定各因素影响通风盘散热的显著性水平。忽略非显著性因素后,利用非线性回归方法建立了以通道数量、入口角度和散热肋截面特征为自变量的制动盘内壁散热功率计算模型。采用遗传算法寻求该模型的最优解,得到最优通道形式为80条通风道、通道入口与出口角度均为20°和4号散热肋。CFD计算结果表明,该最优通道结构内壁散热功率为10.465k W,比正交表中各方案的最低散热功率高1倍,比表中最高散热功率高1.62%,说明优化后得到的通风道结构能有效提高制动盘的散热能力。

In order to enhance the heat dissipation capability of ventilated brake disc,its internal channel structure is optimized. 16 schemes of ventilation channel are proposed according to the orthogonal design of experiments,the heat dissipation power of inner wall is calculated by using CFD technique,and the significance levels of the factors affecting the heat dissipation of ventilated disc are determined with variance analysis. Then with insignificant factors ignored and the number,the inlet angle and the rib section features of channel taken as arguments,a calculation model for the heat dissipation power of inner wall in brake disk is set up based on nonlinear regression method. Finally genetic algorithm is adopted to find the optimum solutions of ventilation channel： 80 channels with an angle of 20° for both inlet and outlet and No. 4 rib. The results of CFD analysis show that the heat dissipation power of inner wall of optimal ventilation channel is 10. 465 k W,which is 2 times as high as the lowest value among schemes in orthogonal table and is 1. 62% higher than the highest value in table,meaning that the optimized ventilation channel structure can effectively improve the heat dissipation capacity of brake disc.