茜草染料在古代欧洲的使用

Application of madder dyes in ancient Europe

茜草是一种常见的天然有机染料,最早的使用可以追溯回公元前的古埃及,同时它也是古代欧洲最为常用的红色染料之一。文章从考古发现的实物出发,根据现存的北欧铁器时代早期的纺织品及其他文物资料,对茜草在欧洲使用历史进行了梳理和阐述。介绍了古代欧洲常用茜草的种类和其染料制作的方法,并对古代文物和古籍中记载的茜草染色方法进行解释和解读。分析认为,茜草至少在铁器时代早期就已经开始在欧洲被广泛使用,且其染色的方法一直沿用至18世纪,并未有太大改变。

Madder is a common natural organic dye which could be traced back to ancient Egypt before Christ. It is one of most common red dyes in ancient Europe. Based on the ancient textile remains from north Europe and other historical materials, this paper started the material object discovered in archaeological process, elaborated the application history of madder in ancient Europe, introduced different kinds of madder dyes and dye making methods, and settled the dye techniques that were used during prehistoric times. The research result shows that the application history of madder in Europe in early Iron Age, and the dye techniques was not changed much until the 18th century.