基于元胞自动机的疏散模拟软件设计与实现

Design and Implementation of Evacuation Simulation Software Based on Cellular Automata

突发事件中人员聚集场所、建筑物内的有效疏散可以极大减少人员伤亡,基于元胞自动机的疏散模拟更关注微观个体在疏散中的行为和起到的作用。本文描述了基于元胞自动机模型疏散模拟软件的设计和实现流程,对危险场模型构建、元胞个体位置选择、移动等实现过程关键环节进行了描述和说明;并对两出口教室环境上课过程中、自由活动状态情况下的疏散进行了模拟。实验结果表明,设计的疏散模型可以有效模拟紧急事件中的人员疏散实际,与实际结果相符合。

Effective evacuation can greatly reduce casualties in emergent events. Evacuation simulation based on cellular automata mainly focuses on individual action and effect during the process of evacuation. The design and implementation process of evacuation simulation software based on cellular automata are described in this article, and the key parts such as dangerous field model, individual cellular position selection and move of the process are illustrated. And simulation evacuation is done in two-exit classroom in and after class. Experiment results show that the designed model can simulate the evacuation in emergency effectively, which conforms with actual evacuation.