临武鸭产蛋初期钙需要量的研究

Dietary Calcium Requirement of Linwu Ducks in Early Laying Period

本试验旨在研究饲粮钙水平对22-28周龄临武鸭产蛋性能、蛋品质、胫骨指标和血清生化指标的影响,以确定临武鸭产蛋初期的钙需要量。试验选取体重相近、健康状况良好的临武鸭200羽,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复8只鸭。饲粮钙水平分别为1.50%、2.00%、2.50%、3.00%、3.50%。预试期7 d,正试期49 d。结果显示：1）饲粮钙水平对平均日采食量和产蛋率均无显著影响（P〉0.05）。1.50%钙水平组平均蛋重显著低于其他4组（P〈0.05）。3.00%钙水平组日产蛋重显著高于1.50%钙水平组（P〈0.05）,而与其他各组差异不显著（P〉0.05）。2.50%和3.00%钙水平组的合格蛋率显著高于1.50%和2.00%钙水平组（P〈0.05）。3.00%钙水平组料蛋比最低且显著低于1.50%钙水平组（P〈0.05）。2）饲粮钙水平对蛋品质各指标均无显著影响（P〉0.05）。3）饲粮钙水平对胫骨折断力、脱脂胫骨钙含量和灰分钙含量有显著影响（P〈0.05）,且上述3项胫骨指标2.50%、3.00%和3.50%钙水平组显著优于1.50%钙水平组（P〈0.05）。4）1.50%钙水平组血清碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于其他4组（P〈0.05）。5）二次曲线分析表明,以平均蛋重、灰分钙含量和脱脂胫骨钙含量为评价指标,产蛋初期临武鸭钙需要量分别为2.79%,2.98%和2.98%。综上所述,在本试验条件下,为获得最佳产蛋性能、血清生化指标和胫骨指标,22-28周龄临武鸭饲粮中钙推荐量为2.79%-2.98%。

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary calcium（ Ca） level on laying performance,egg quality,tibia indices and serum biochemical indices of Linwu ducks aged from 22 to 28 weeks,and then to estimated the Ca requirement of Linwu ducks in early laying period. A total of 200 healthy laying ducks with similar body weight were allocated into 5 groups with 5 replicates per group and 8 ducks in each replicate,and fed basal diets supplemented with 1. 50 %,2. 00 %,2. 50 %,3. 00 % and 3. 50 % Ca,respectively. The pre-experimental period lasted for 7 days,and the experimental period lasted for 49 days. The results showed as follows： 1） dietary Ca level had no significant effects on average daily feed intake and laying rate（ P 〉0.05）. The average egg weight in 1. 50 % Ca level group was significantly lower than that in the other groups（ P〈0. 05）. The daily egg yield in 3. 00 % Ca level group was significantly higher than that in 1. 50 % Ca level group（ P〈0. 05）,but there was no significant difference with the other groups（ P〉0. 05）. The qualified rate of egg in 2. 50 % and 3. 00 % Ca level group was significantly higher than that in 1. 50 % and 2. 00 % Ca level group（ P〈0. 05）. The feed to egg in 3. 00 % Ca level group was the lowest and significantly lower than that in 1. 50 % Ca level group（ P〈0. 05）. 2） Dietary Ca level had no significant effects on indices of egg quality of laying ducks（ P〉0. 05）. 3） Dietary Ca level significantly affected broking strength,Ca content in ash and Ca content in defatted tibia（ P〈0. 05）. At all above indices,2. 50 %,3. 00 % and 3. 50 % Ca level groups were significantly better than those in the 1. 50 % Ca level group. 4） The serum alkaline phosphatase（ AKP） activity in 1. 50% Ca level group significantly higher than that in the other groups（ P〈0. 05）. 5）According to the quadratic regression analysis,based on average egg weight,Ca content in ash and Ca content in defatted tibia,the optimal dietary levels of Ca for Linwu ducks were 2. 79 %,2. 98 % and 2. 98 %,respectively. In conclusion,under the conditions of this experiment,to ensure the best laying performance,serum biochemical indices and tibia indices,the recommendation for Ca of Linwu ducks aged from 22 to 28 weeks is2. 79 % to 2. 98 %.