江门市十例输入性寨卡病毒病患者的临床特征

Clinical manifestations of 10 cases of imported human Zika virus disease in Jiangmen city of China

目的 研究江门市输入性寨卡病毒病患者的临床特征、检测方法。方法 截至2016年5月10日，国内共报道16例寨卡输入性病例，其中广东省11例，均为广东省江门市恩平籍居民或华侨，其中10例在江门市恩平（县）接受住院治疗或居家隔离记录患者临床症状、体征和实验室检验指标。收集患者的血液、唾液和尿液，用于寨卡病毒核酸检测。结果 10例患者仅2例有轻度发热；所有患者均有明显的全身性或局部皮疹；7例有充血性结膜炎症状；仅1例有轻度皮肤瘙痒；无任何患者具有肌肉痛和关节痛症状；除2例患者白细胞轻度降低和1例患者血小板轻度升高外，其他患者临床实验室检验指标正常。患者尿液核酸阳性持续时间最长，发病后第7天采样，检测血液、唾液和尿液检测核酸阳性率分别为0、5和8例。结论 流行病学史、皮疹、充血性结膜炎和尿液检测寨卡病毒核酸阳性，为临床确诊寨卡病毒病的主要依据。

Objective To study the clinical manifestations and detection method for imported patients of Zika virus disease.Method The records of symptoms, signs and laboratory results were collected and analyzed. The specimen of blood, saliva and urine from patients were collected. Results Two of ten patients had mild fever. The visible cutaneous maculopapular rash of the trunk and extremities was observed in all patients. Seven patients were observed congestive conjunctivitis and only one patient gave an account of itching. No patient had symptoms of myalgia or arthralgia. The laboratory results of patients were normal except two patients had mild leucopenia and another one had thrombocytosis. The Zika virus RNA was detected in urine samples for a longest period. The detection rates of Zika virus RNA from the samples of blood, saliva and urine that collected in seventh day after disease onset were 0, 5, 8 cases, respectively.Conclosion Epidemiology history, maculopapular rash, congestive conjunctivitis and Zika virus RNA being detected in urine can be considered as the important clinical criterion for making a definite diagnosis as Zika virus disease.