果蝇核小体定位研究进展

Research Progress of Nucleosome Positioning in Drosophila

基因组上核小体位置的确定涉及DNA、RNA聚合酶、转录因子、后转录修饰与组蛋白变异、组蛋白修饰酶和染色质重塑复合体之间的相互作用。真核状态基因组的DNA是被包裹在核小体中,故理解控制核小体沿DNA定位的原理对于进一步理解组蛋白结合所执行的基因功能是非常必要的。而核小体的定位在诸多细胞过程中起着重要重要,比如转录调控、DNA复制和修饰等。因此核小体定位已逐渐成为目前遗传学研究的热点以及表观遗传学的重要研究内容并且也将在未来生物学研究中占据相当重要的位置。本综述以果蝇为例,全面介绍核小体定位的研究现状和未来方向。

The determination of the genome nucleosome＇s position involves the interaction between DNA, RNA polymerase, transcription factor, post transcriptional modification and histone variation, histone modification enzymes and chromatin remodeling complexes. The DNA of the eukaryotic genome is wrapped in the nuclearsome, so it is necessary to understand the principles of controlling the location of nuclesome along the DNA to understand the binding and function of histone to perform essential gene function. And the position of nuclesome plays an important role in many cellular processes, such as transcriptional regulation, DNA replication and modification. Therefore, the position of neclesome has gradually become the hot point in the study of genetics, at the same time, it will occupy a very important position in the future of biological studies. In this review, we take the fruit fly as an example and introduce the research status and future direction of nucleosome positions comprehensively.