陇中半干旱地区不同年限甘草生长与有效成分积累动态研究

Growth and Accumulation of Active Components of Licorice in Different Growth Years in Semiarid Regions of Middle of Gansu Province

为了探索陇中半干旱地区不同年限栽培甘草的生长规律,于2015年5-10月在甘肃省榆中县中连川村设计大田试验,研究2、3和4a生栽培甘草生长与有效成分积累动态。结果表明,甘草株高、主茎粗、主根直径、生物量均随生长年限的增加呈先快速增长后减缓的变化趋势;3a生甘草平均株高、主茎粗、主根直径和根干生物量分别较2a生增加117.98%、109.62%、82.33%和94.17%,4a生较3a生分别增加54.25%、11.58%、25.75%和94.92%;甘草酸、甘草苷质量分数随生长年限的增加显著增加,2、3、4a生甘草平均甘草酸质量分数分别为1.03%、1.82%和3.05%,甘草苷质量分数分别为0.57%、0.91%和1.76%,3a生平均甘草酸和甘草苷质量分数比2a生增加76.70%和59.65%,4a生比3a生增加67.58%和81.44%。不同生长年限甘草酸和甘草苷质量分数均在8月达最大值,后略有下降。

In order to explore the growth regularity of cultivated licorice in different years in semiarid regions of Middle of Gansu province, field experiment was conducted in Yuzhong county of Gansu province during May to October in 2015 ,to study the dynamics of growth andof active components accumulation of the biennial, triennial and quadrennial licorice. The results showed that the plant height,main stem diameter,main root diameter and the biomass of licorice showed a trend of the first rapid and then slow growth with the increase of growth period. The average plant height,main stem diameter, main root diameter and root dry biomass of triennial licorice respectively were 117. 98%,109.62% ,82. 330% and 94.17% higher than those of the biennial,and those of quadrennial licorice respectively were 54.25 %, 11.58 % , 25.75 % and 94.92 % higher than those of the triennial. The mass fraction of glycyrrhizic acid and liquritin increased significantly with the growth period. The average mass fraction of glycyrrhizic acid in the biennial, triennial and quadrennial licorice was 1.03 %, 1.82% and 3.05 % respectively, and the average liquritin mass fraction was 0. 57 %, 0. 91 % and 1.76 % respectively. The mass fraction s of glycyrrhizic acid and liquritin in triennial licorice respectively increased by 76.70% and 59.65% compared to the biennial,and those of quadrennial licorice respectively increased by 67.58% and 81.44% compared to the triennial. For different year-aged licorice, the mass fraction of glycyrrhizic acid and liquritin reached the maximum in August,and then decreased slightly.