金龟甲成虫触角感器超微结构观察与比较

Observation and Comparison of the Ultrastructure of Antennal Sensilla in Scarab Beetles(Coleoptera:Scarabaeidae)

为深入了解金龟甲触角感器与其行为之间的关系,探索昆虫化学通讯机制,运用扫描电子显微镜观察比较毛黄鳃金龟(Holotrichia trichophora Fairmaire)、赤绒鳃金龟(Maladera verticalis Fairmaire)和黑绒鳃金龟(Maladera orientalis Motsch)3种金龟甲成虫触角感器的类型、形态及其分布。结果表明,毛黄鳃金龟触角有毛形感器、刺形感器、锥形感器、板形感器、腔锥状感器(Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型)和Bhm氏鬃毛6种感器;赤绒鳃金龟和黑绒鳃金龟触角仅有毛形感器、刺形感器、锥形感器和Bhm氏鬃毛4种感器。毛黄鳃金龟较其他2种金龟多2种触角感器,可作为其种的鉴别特征。但同种金龟甲的雌、雄虫个体间感器种类、分布无明显差异。研究结果可为金龟甲的分类研究及科学理解金龟甲类对信息素的感受行为提供一定参考。

To deteremine the relationship between antennal sensilla of scarab beetles and the behavior and to explore the mechanism of insect chemical communication, the morphology, types and distributions of the antennal sensilla, Holotrichia trichophora （Fairmaire） ,Maladera verticalis Fairmaire and Maladera orientalis Motsch were observed and compared by scanning electron microscopy. The result showed that six types of sensilla were found on the antenna of H. trichophora,i, e. sensilla trichodea, sensilla chaetica,sensilla basiconica,sensilla placodea,sensilla coeloconica （ I and lI ）,and Bohm bristles. Four types of sensilla as mentioned were observed on the antenna of M. verticalis and M. orientalis, except sensilla placodea and sensilla coeloconica. The number of antennal sensilla of H. trichophora was more than that of other two scarab beetles,which could be useful characteristics for species identification. There was no significant difference in the types and distributions of sensilla between the males and females. This result can provide some reference for the classification of scarab beetles and better understanding of the scarab beetle＇s sense of pheromone.