采用功率限制的住宅区电动汽车有序充电控制策略

A Coordinated Charging Control Strategy for Electric Vehicles in Residential Area With Power Limitation

随着电动汽车的大量普及以及充电设施的逐渐完善,越来越多的电动汽车将在住宅区利用夜晚时段进行充电,如何进行移峰填谷、减少负荷波动是一个重要问题。基于峰谷分时电价,提出了一种在线控制和离线优化相结合的有序充电控制方法,通过有序充电控制器控制住宅区常规负荷和电动汽车充电负荷之和不高于功率限制值,并在当日控制时段结束后对此限值进行优化,通过计算电动汽车的充电优先级保证电动汽车最大程度地达到用户预期荷电状态。通过基于蒙特卡洛模拟的MATLAB仿真验证了本策略的有效性,并分析了功率限制值的预测误差对优化结果的影响。结果表明,采用功率限制的有序充电控制策略能有效地实现负荷移峰填谷、降低负荷方差,同时能有效地减少用户充电费用。本方法实施简单、效果明显、易于工程应用。

With increasing popularity of electric vehicles and gradual improvement of their charging facilities, growing number of electric vehicles will be charged in residential areas during night. Therefore, it is of great significance to study how to shift peak load and reduce load fluctuations. Based on TOU price, this paper proposes a coordinated charging control method combining online control and offline optimization. This method applies coordinated charging controller to control sum of residential area＇s regular load and electric vehicle＇s charging load to prevent power limit exceeded and by calculating electric vehicle charging priority to ensure electric vehicle＇s SOC satisfying user＇s expectation to the utmost. When daytime online control is over, coordinated charging controller optimizes aforesaid limit. This paper tests effectiveness of such strategy with Monte Carlo simulation in MATLAB and analyzes impact of prediction error on power limit. Results show that the coordinated charging control strategy with power limit can effectively realize peak load shifting and load variance reducing, lowering user＇s charging cost. This method is simple and easy to implement, suitable for engineering application.