明代潼关卫与北直隶关系考论

The Administrative Subordination of Tongguan Wei to North Zhili in the Ming Dynasty

明代潼关卫坐落在陕西华阴县境内,与北直隶相距遥远,却要接受北直隶巡抚和巡按的管辖。这一奇怪现象始于永乐年间,当时为了加强大名府一带的防守力量,遂将潼关卫"辖隶于此"。这并非只是名义上的辖隶关系,潼关卫确实在大名一带驻有军士,拥有土地。不过,潼关卫并未像北直隶其他卫所那样,直接或间接地隶属于后军都督府,而是直隶中军都督府,因而其京操班军事务先由中都留守司带管,后来为便于管理,又改由河南都司带管。通过潼关卫这一个案,可以了解明代卫所极其复杂的管理关系。

It is studied in the thesis that from the Ming Emperor Yongle's(永乐) period,Tongguan Wei,which was a local military garrison in the faraway Huayin County of Shaanxi Province from the North Zhili,was ordered by the governor and itinerant inspector of the North Zhili governmental administration that aimed to strengthen the military defense of Daming Fu(Prefecture).It is true that Tongguan Wei possessed land and had armed forces garrisoned around Darning area.Whereas its counterparts are directly or indirectly controlled by the rear military subcommand named Zhili Hou Jundudufu,it is the central military subcommand named Zhili Zhong Jundudufu that took care of Tongguan Wei by organizing the left-behind soldiers on duty and the forces to capital city for garrison,and later Tongguan Wei was taken over by Henan Military Command for the sake of efficient management of the military affairs.The case study reveals the complicated relationship between the military bodies of Wei and Suo in the Ming dynasty.