我国地质勘查行业发展现状与走向

Status and Trend in Development of Geological Exploration Industry China

我国地质勘查行业经过建国初期的大发展之后,80年代中后期开始"三化"改革及"属地化"改革,1999年以来地质工作经过了"黄金十年"的快速发展,逐步向内涵式发展转变。行业管理促进地质勘查行业发展壮大,但在改革认识、政策落实、资本市场建设、会计制度修订等方面仍然存在问题。在当前地勘单位分类改革发展过程中,影响地勘行业中长期发展的因素可以概括为六大变化:经济转型深刻、产业升级艰辛、动力转换失速、去资源化启动、生态要素介入和税费改革方向。未来地勘行业发展应瞄准公益性地质勘查工作,积极开拓外部市场,充分认识资源安全战略,努力适应我国市场经济体制规律。

After the major development in the early years since the founding of new China, geological exploration industry has undergone “three goals” reform （namely, commercialization of geological results, enterprise restructuring in geological prospecting units, socialization of geological management work）, as well as the reform of “local management” in the mid- to late-1980s. Since 1999, the geological work has gone “a golden decade” rapid development, and has gradually shifted to the connotative development. However, several problems that we face in the aspects of reform understanding, policy implementation, capital market building, and accounting system revision must be addressed. This paper points out that profound economic transformation, hard industrial upgrading, stalled energy conversion, starting recycling, intervention of ecological elements, and the direction of the reform of taxes and fees will be the major changes which will affect long-term development of geological industry. On this basis, this paper argues that in order to promote the development of geological industry, we should lay emphasis on non-proft public geological exploration work, actively explore the external market, fully appreciate the safety strategy of resources, and work to adapt to the law of market economy system.