国际游客凝视与旅游文明——基于“印象·刘三姐”的实证研究

International tourists' gaze and being good tourists——An empirical study of “Impression Sanjie Liu”

在旅游场景中,旅游交往与凝视无处不在。国际游客来华旅行,接触普通的中国游客、百姓,在最生活化的凝视中强化对中国社会、生活、文明各个方面的认知。本研究以中国最知名的山水实景演出——"印象·刘三姐",为研究场景,以国际游客的自由评论为数据来源,利用Leximancer分析国际游客的"印象·刘三姐"观看体验。研究表明,东道主与在场观众的互动是国际游客体验的重要部分。进一步分析发现,国际游客对演出感到满意,对东道主(当地农民、渔民)的表演大加赞赏。可是,不少国际游客对在场的部分中国游客行为,特别是观演礼仪,感到不满。本研究对旅游资源开发、游客教育、塑造公民文明旅游行为起一定的借鉴意义。

In the tourism settings, social contact and gaze is commonly seen among different stakeholders. One of the tourism gazes is about intra-tourist gaze, which is the interaction between tourists and other tourists. It is believed to have disciplinary power, as being aware of the gaze, people tend to behave in a proper and more accepted approach. This study chose Impression Sanjie Liu, one of the most well-known and popular landscape shows among international tourists, as the study context. English spontaneous reviews posted on Trip Advisor were selected as the data source. Leximancer was used to analyze the data. An assessment of the reviews indicated that nearly half of the review contributors mentioned their gaze on the Chinese host, including the impression performers, the on-site Chinese audiences, as well as some service staff（e.g. tour guides, and hotel staff）. The results indicated contradictory findings. Generally, international tourists were very impressed with the impression show, especially the fantastic performance, the local performers, the spectacular natural settings, the excellent stories and lightening effects.They, however, frowned on several behaviors of the Chinese domestic tourists,notably disruptive talking, taking photos/videos, early exiting from the venue, disrespect of the performers, and the indifference to the experience of others.This empirical study offers implications for being good tourists＇ education. This study argues that no matter whether we are travelling outbound or domestically, when we are seeing the world, we are gazed by others, including the international society. Considering the theory of tourism gaze, especially the disciplinary power of gaze, it is suggested that international tourists gaze on Chinese tourists＇ behavior can be communicated to be a wider range.Implications for better tourist manners management were offered. Directions for future research were also suggested.