社会空间视角下成熟型煤炭资源城市地域功能结构研究——以安徽省淮南市为例

The Urban Area Functional Structure of Coal Resource-based City in Mature Period from the Social Space Perspective: A Case Study of Huainan City in Anhui Province

在生态文明建设与服务经济转型的背景下,作为中国工业化阶段能源基地的资源型城市,正面临着经济、社会与生态环境多位一体的全面转型。选取成熟型煤炭资源城市淮南为案例,基于社会空间视角划分城市地域功能结构,构建社会-经济-空间多维因素的互动框架推进资源型城市的科学转型。研究发现:淮南市社会空间包括6个主因子,各主因子的空间集聚和街区分布均具有显著的异质性。基于不同街区的功能属性划分出5个空间功能组团,包括:政府机关、企事业单位组团;居住、商业、生活服务组团;煤炭开采与加工工业组团;非矿点区域、乡村区域组团;经济新增长点培育、转型发展组团。城市地域功能结构特征表现为:1"城"、"矿"功能的隔离与排斥,2连绵型低收入农业空间的嵌入,3城市服务功能空间的紧缩,4煤炭开采与初加工的空间共位,5城市转型尚未形成规模与联动效应。在此基础上,进一步剖析了地域结构的形成原因及优化路径。

China has undergone a rapidly increasing service economy growth over the past decades. In the context of ecological civilization construction and service economy transition, resource-based cities which functioned as the energy base in the stage of Chinese modern industrialization are facing the economic, social, and ecological comprehensive transformation. This article takes Huainan City as an example of coal resource-based city in mature period. To promote the scientific transition of resource-based cities, we take on to set up the urban area functional structure of Huainan from the perspective of social space. We try to build an interactive frame including multidimensional factors such as economy, society, and space. This research points out the social space of Huainan contains six principal factors. The cluster and block distribution characters of each principal factor are significantly heterogeneous. It maps out five spatial functional groups based on the features of each block, field surveys, and relevant document literature. The first group is government agencies,enterprises, and public institutions. The second group is housing, commerce, and consumer services. The third group is coal mining and processing industries. The fourth group is non-mining areas and rural areas. The fifth group is urban economy new developing points and transitional development. Further, it summarizes the urban area functional structure as five respects： 1） segregation and exclusion of urban areas and mining areas; 2） embeddedness of continuous low-paying agricultural areas; 3） compression of the space of urban service role; 4）co-location of coal mining and preliminary processing areas, and 5） scale effects and connected effects of urban transition, not formed yet. In addition, we further analyze both the formation reasons and ideal paths of the urban area functional structure.