新疆维吾尔自治区和田地区96例维吾尔族儿童甲型肝炎临床特征分析

Clinical characteristics of 96 children with hepatitis A in Hotan, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

目的分析新疆维吾尔自治区和田地区维吾尔族儿童甲型肝炎患者的临床特征。方法回顾性分析维吾尔族甲型肝炎96例患儿的临床资料,比较不同年龄、不同性别以及合并营养不良和贫血患儿的肝功能和住院时间的差异。结果患儿平均年龄(3.4±1.9)岁,男女比例为1.8∶1。急性黄疸型肝炎患儿为68.8%。不同性别患儿住院时间、ALT、AST、TBil和DBil均无统计学差异(P值分别为0.982、0.317、0.637、0.310和0.764)。学龄组TBil与DBil均高于幼儿组和学龄前组(P=0.002、0.004),ALT、AST和住院时间无统计学差异(P值分别为0.13、0.072和0.058)。营养不良或贫血患儿与正常组相比,住院时间、ALT、AST、TBil和DBil均无统计学差异(P值分别为0.352、0.808、0.882、0.897和0.828)。1例患儿进展至肝功能衰竭。结论维吾尔族甲型肝炎患儿以黄疸型肝炎为主,学龄组儿童与学龄前组和幼儿组儿童相比,肝功能损伤更重。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of Uighur children with hepatitis A in Hotan. Methods Clinical data of 96 cases of hepatitis A in Hotan were retrospectively analyzed. The differences of liver function and hospitalization time before and after treatment, age, gender and association with malnutrition or anemia in children were compared, respectively. Results The average age of the children was（3.4 ± 1.9） years old. The ratio of male to female was 1.8∶1. The incidence of acute hepatitis with jaundice was 68.8%. There was no difference between children with different gender in hospitalization time, ALT, AST, TBil and DBil（P = 0.982, 0.317, 0.637, 0.310 and 0.764）. The levels of TBil and DBil of school children were higher than young children and preschoolers（P = 0.002 and 0.004）, while the values of ALT, AST and hospitalization time had no statistically significant difference（P = 0.13, 0.072 and 0.058）. Compared with the normal group, there were no differences in the hospitalization time, ALT, AST, TBil and DBil of children with malnutrition or anemia（P = 0.352, 0.808, 0.882, 0.897 and 0.828）. There was one pediatric patient who progressed to liver failure. Conclusions Children with jaundice accounted for a major part of the pediatric patient with hepatitis A. School children had serious liver damage compared with preschoolers and young children.