金砖银行、竞争性多边主义与全球经济治理改革

The New Development Bank BRICS,Competitive Multilateralism and Global Economic Governance Reform

竞争性多边主义是当前国际机制发展的一个重要趋势。按照新旧国际机制是否共享一定的原则和规范,可以将国际机制竞争分为挑战性竞争和补充性竞争。金砖银行与世界银行之间在减贫和可持续发展等国际发展的根本原则和规范上具有一致性,但在如何为包括自身在内的广大发展中国家提供更好的服务,以及在股权分配、治理结构、环境与社会框架、贷款政策等运营规则和决策程序等方面,金砖银行实现了一系列体制机制创新,属于"补充性国际机制竞争"。而要帮助金砖国家实现全球经济治理体系变革的愿景,金砖银行需要在累积发展中国家关于国际发展的新知识、制约发达国家机会主义行为以及克服新兴经济体"集体行动难题"方面克服三大改革困境。

Competitive multilateralism is an important trend in the development of international institutions. According to whether the old and the new international mechanisms share certain 'principles and norms ',the competition of international mechanisms can be classified as challenging competitions and complementary competitions. The New Development Bank and the World Bank share the fundamental principles and norms of international development in terms of poverty alleviation and sustainable development,among other things,but the former have realized a series of innovation of institutional mechanisms for operational rules and decision-making procedures with respect to equity allocation,governance structures,environmental and social frameworks,and the policy to loan; therefore,it belongs to 'a complementary competition for international mechanisms. 'To help BRICS countries to realize its vision for a change in the global economic governance system,the New Development Bank needs to resolve the three reform issues: accumulating new knowledge about international development for developing countries,restricting the opportunistic behavior of developed countries,and overcoming the 'collective action problem 'among emerging economies.