基于因子分析的不同采煤地表沉陷年限土壤质量评价

Evaluation of Soil Quality in Different Years of Coal Mining Subsidence Based on Factor Analysis

基于对风蚀水蚀交错地带的榆神府采煤矿区地表沉陷地表层土壤理化生指标的测量,选择18项反映土壤理化性质的定量指标,采用因子分析法对不同沉陷年限下的土壤质量进行综合评价。结果表明：18项土壤指标可转化为5个主因子：土壤水分因子、磷素因子、土壤速效养分因子、全钾因子和氮素因子;不同沉陷年限5个公因子差异明显：未沉陷地土壤养分因子和磷素因子指标较好,地表沉陷5 a土壤水分因子和氮素因子指标较好,而全钾因子在沉陷10 a呈现出较高水平;综合因子分析评价得出采煤地表沉陷1-2 a土壤质量较差,随着时间推移,经过土壤的自然演替土壤质量有转好的趋势,但土壤质量最好的仍为未沉陷地,说明榆神府采煤沉陷区地表土壤经过10a自然演替土壤质量仍未恢复到未沉陷区状态。

Based on the investigation of soil physical- chemical- biological properties on Yushenfu coal mining subsidence mining area which be in wind- water erosion crisscross region,18 soil properties were used to evaluatesoil quality in different years of coal mining subsidence using factor analysis method. The results showed that 18 soil propertiescan be classified into 5 main factors,namely soil moisture factor,phosphorus factor,soil nutrient factor,total potassium,and nitrogen factor.These 5 factorstook significantly different in different years of coal mining subsidence： un- subsidencearea,5 years subsidence area,and 10 years subsidence area displayed higher levels of soil phosphorus and nutrient factors,moisture and nitrogen factors,and total potassium than others plotsrespectively. Evaluationof comprehensive factor analysis showed that soil quality of1 - 2 years subsidence area is the worst,then the soil quality（ physical- chemical- biological properties） gradually improved through natural soil succession with increasing years of subsidence. The best quality,however,still appeared at un- subsidence area. These results reveal that soil quality of Yushenfu coal mining subsidence area has not been restored tooriginal levels after 10 years natural succession.